{"id":954,"date":"2020-10-05T16:05:13","date_gmt":"2020-10-05T16:05:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/?p=954"},"modified":"2020-12-30T17:44:06","modified_gmt":"2020-12-30T17:44:06","slug":"assessment-of-the-elk-island-national-parks-ecosystem-functions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/?p=954","title":{"rendered":"ASSESSMENT OF THE \u201cELK ISLAND\u201d NATIONAL PARK\u2019S ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lelkova A.K., Pakina A.A. Assessment of the \u201cElk Island\u201d National Park\u2019s Ecosystem Functions \/\/ Ecosystems: ecology and dynamics. 2020. Vol. 4. No 3. Pp. 180-192. | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/6-Lelkova-Pakina-abstract-Eng.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Abstract<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/6-Lelkova-Pakina-articel-Eng.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">PDF<\/a> |<a href=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/6-Lelkova-Pakina-reference-Eng.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Reference<\/a> |<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 25%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-1 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-954 gallery-columns-4 gallery-size-thumbnail'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/1-1.jpg'><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/1-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-964\" srcset=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/1-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/1-1-65x65.jpg 65w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-964'>\n\t\t\t\tThe \u201cElk Island\u201d biological research center can be entered by civilians only as part of organized groups (Photo by A.A.Pakina)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2-1.jpg'><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-965\" srcset=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/2-1-65x65.jpg 65w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-965'>\n\t\t\t\tBike ride (Photo by A.A.Pakina)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/3-1.jpg'><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/3-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-966\" srcset=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/3-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/3-1-65x65.jpg 65w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-966'>\n\t\t\t\tTorphyanka Lake is one of the many reservoirs in the park (Photo by A.A.Pakina)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/4-1.jpg'><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/4-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-967\" srcset=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/4-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/4-1-65x65.jpg 65w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-967'>\n\t\t\t\tThe reservoirs in the park play a major recreational role for the locals (Photo by A.A.Pakina)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/5-1.jpg'><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/5-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-968\" srcset=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/5-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/5-1-65x65.jpg 65w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-968'>\n\t\t\t\tPine forest (Photo by A.K.Lelkova)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/6-1.jpg'><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/6-1-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-969\" srcset=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/6-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/6-1-65x65.jpg 65w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-969'>\n\t\t\t\tWinter park (Photo by A.K.Lelkova)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/7.jpg'><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/7-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-970\" srcset=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/7-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/7-65x65.jpg 65w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-970'>\n\t\t\t\tWinter evening (Photo by A.K.Lelkova)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/8.jpg'><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/8-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-971\" srcset=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/8-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/8-65x65.jpg 65w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-971'>\n\t\t\t\tSummer meadow (Photo by A.K.Lelkova)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\t\t<style type=\"text\/css\">\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 {\n\t\t\t\tmargin: auto;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-item {\n\t\t\t\tfloat: left;\n\t\t\t\tmargin-top: 10px;\n\t\t\t\ttext-align: center;\n\t\t\t\twidth: 50%;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 img {\n\t\t\t\tborder: 2px solid #cfcfcf;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#gallery-2 .gallery-caption {\n\t\t\t\tmargin-left: 0;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\/* see gallery_shortcode() in wp-includes\/media.php *\/\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div id='gallery-2' class='gallery galleryid-954 gallery-columns-2 gallery-size-thumbnail'><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/9-\u041b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430.jpg'><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/9-\u041b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-972\" srcset=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/9-\u041b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/9-\u041b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430-65x65.jpg 65w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-972'>\n\t\t\t\tThe author of the article, Alla Lelkova, during an internship in the \u0110erdap National Park, Serbia (Photo by A.K.Lelkova)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><dl class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<dt class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/10.jpg'><img width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/10-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-2-973\" srcset=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/10-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/10-65x65.jpg 65w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/dt>\n\t\t\t\t<dd class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-2-973'>\n\t\t\t\tThe author of the article, A.A.Pakina, during an expedition to Baikal Lake (Photo by A.A.Pakina)\n\t\t\t\t<\/dd><\/dl><br style=\"clear: both\" \/>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The role of ecosystems\u2019 functions produced by specially protected natural territories is increasing under constantly growing anthropogenic pressure. It is necessary to identify these functions and assess their contribution to ensuring a high quality of people\u2019s life, especially, from the point of their \u201ccompetitiveness\u201d comparing to other benefits of natural origin. The \u201cElk Island\u201d National Park is the largest undisturbed natural site in the vicinity of Moscow, which strongly affects the regulation of the local and regional natural processes. The park\u2019s providing services are presented by limited timber harvesting, licensed fishing, wild plants and non-wood forest products harvesting, as well as by the function of genetic resources storing. Regulating functions include control over the flows of substance and energy, together with air and water quality, as well as habitat conservation, pollination, biological control, etc. The park\u2019s most demanded functions are recreation and tourism development from the group of cultural services. The assessment of ecological services produced by the natural ecosystems of the \u201cElk Island\u201d was based on the theory of total economic value, which helps to monetize the benefits received by society from specially protected natural areas, taking into account the direct and indirect use of natural goods and the maintenance cost of the park\u2019s territory. As a source materials for the study region we used statistical data, results of our field researches that took place in 2019-2020, data of a sociological survey, official materials of the \u201cElk Island\u201d National Park and satellite images for the said area. The obtained estimations of the direct and indirect costs of the park\u2019s services confirmed the prevalence of indirect cost due to the strict nature protection regime of the territory and its significance as a recreation site. Also, we based our conclusion about high socio-ecological value of the \u201cElk Island\u201d on the data from the sociological survey: the residents of the region almost unanimously believed that this park should be preserved within its current borders.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Keywords: <\/em>national park, Elk Island, ecosystems\u2019 functions, economic appraisal, concept of total economic value.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>DOI: 10.24411\/2542-2006-2020-10067<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lelkova A.K., Pakina A.A. Assessment of the \u201cElk Island\u201d National Park\u2019s Ecosystem Functions \/\/ Ecosystems: ecology and dynamics. 2020. Vol. 4. No 3. Pp. 180-192. | Abstract | PDF | Reference | &nbsp; &nbsp; The role of ecosystems\u2019 functions produced <span class=\"excerpt-dots\">&hellip;<\/span> <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/?p=954\"><span class=\"more-msg\">Read next<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":964,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[143],"tags":[153,152,151,150,149],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/954"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=954"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/954\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1067,"href":"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/954\/revisions\/1067"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/964"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=954"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=954"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/en.ecosystemsdynamic.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=954"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}